英语，属于印欧语系中日耳曼语族下的西日耳曼语支，是由古代从丹麦等斯堪的纳维亚半岛以及德国、荷兰及周边移民至不列颠群岛的盎格鲁、撒克逊和朱特部落的日耳曼人所说的语言演变而来，并通过英国的殖民活动传播到了世界各地。这次帅气的小编为您整理了高中英语教案设计参考（5篇），希望能够给您提供一些帮助。
教学目标：
学生基本掌握meat,rice,noodles,fish,milk.懂得Do you like??”是提问“你喜欢？？”并能作出相应的回答。
通过说唱活动培养学生的英语语感，提高学生的思维能力和语言能力。 通过学习、合作、交流，激发学生的学习动机，培养学生学习的兴趣，充分调动学生学习的积极性；把所学语言知识与实际生活紧密结合。
遵循“以学生发展为本”的课改理念，面向全体学生，启发和引导每一个学生积极主动地参与到学习活动中，培养和提高学生合作学习的意识和能力。
教学重点：
掌握有关食物的英语单词，谈论并询问他人的喜好。
教学难点：
一般疑问句的用法。
教具准备：
多媒体课件，自制食物图片。
教学过程：
Step1 热身运动（反应游戏：Touch your face, Touch your nose）
通过TPR活动，有助于帮助学生集中注意力，做好上课的准备。
Step2 揭示课题
T: 同学们平时都喜欢吃什么食物？
S:肉、牛奶
T:同学们想知道这些食物用英语怎么说吗？今天我们就一起来学习。直接点明这堂课的学习任务。
Step3 师生交流
T:出示fish图片。I like fish.（表现出喜欢的样子）Do you like fish?引导学生回答 Yes,Ido.
T：Here you are.（做出给对方的样子）
S:Thank you.
教师可以和多几个同学练习。
T:出示noodles图片 Idon’t like noodles（表现出不喜欢的样子－摇头）Do you like noodles?引导学生回答 No,Idon’t
教学其他单词方法同上。
备课思路：师生的真实交流，让学生感受到语言与实际生活紧密结合，通过
这种自然的方式把新的语言项目呈现给学生，让学生体验获取知识的成就感，培养自信心。
Step 4 Let’s chant (多媒体课件)
noodles noodles是面条 面条noodles细又长
milk milk是牛奶牛奶milk白又甜
fish fish是鱼肉鱼肉fish鲜又鲜
meat meat是肉类 肉类meat真好吃
把单词编成chant,巩固学生记忆，将枯燥乏味的词汇学习，变得生动有趣。
Step 5 听歌并学唱歌曲
播放学生比较熟悉的旋律“How old are you?”然后根据旋律改歌词。 Do you like meat?
唱歌是学生喜欢的学习活动形式之一。在教学中充分利用教学资源，把歌谣作为学习一般疑问句、培养听力、检验知识掌握情况、复习巩固知识和发展学生语言能力的一种手段。
Step 6 课文教学
老师对学生说：“Ms Smart,Lingling,Sam,Amy,Tom正在吃饭，我们一起来看看他们喜欢的食物是什么。”
（多媒体课件）呈现活动1，请学生认真听，试着理解课文内容，听第一遍录音后，老师提问：“What does Lingling like? What does Sam like? What does Amy like? What does Tom like?”请学生带着问题听第二遍录音，最后，请学生边听边指向相应的图画，并模仿跟读。
Step 7合作学？？
每组一个学生拿着食物图片问同桌：“Do you like”另一个学生根据自己的喜好回答：“Yes, I do. ∕ No, I don’t.
一。 教材分析
本单元的中心话题为Modern Agriculture “现代农业”，其中包括“饮食结构”、“农业生产与环境气候”、“土地利用”等话题。本课是第十九单元第二课时阅读”（Reading）部分，这是一篇科普文章，该文从中国农业的“历史与现状”、“传统农业技术应用及发展”、“现代农业生产”、“农业生产与生态的前景展望”等四方面对中国农业生产进行了介绍。本文语言通俗易懂，说明事物层次分明，以激发学生学习的兴趣和热情，让他们对于中国的农业发展有一个全面的了解，并可以对学生进行农业技术的兴趣培养。
二、学情分析
高一学生英语基础薄弱，词汇量少，语法知识不足，中式英文思维方式严重，复杂句子结构无法理解，进行阅读相当困难。
三。Teaching Contents 教学内容
Unit 19 Modern Agriculture (SEFC Book 1B)
Reading: Modern Agriculture
（全日制普通中学教科书（必修）人教版高一英语（下）第十九单元《现代农业》的阅读部分）
四。Design of Teaching Objectives 教学目标设计
1.Target language 目标语言
Make the students master the following words,phrases and sentence
patterns.（让学生掌握下列单词、短语和句型。）
(1)Important words（重点单词）：
Protection,technique,irragation, import, production, garden, wisdom, pratical, system, condition, soil
(2)Important phrases（重点词组）：
Be harmful to, be friendly to, depend on, stand for,a variety of
(3)Important sentence patterns（重点句型）
a. It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole
population of China.
b. To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are
planted each year where possible.
2.Ability goals能力目标
Improve the students’ reading ability through reading activities.(通
过系列阅读活动提高学生的阅读理解能力。)
3.Learning ability goals 学能目标
Enable the students to know the development of modern agriculture in
China.
（让学生了解中国现代农业的发展。）
五。Teaching Important Points（教学重点）
1.Learn the words and phrases listed above.
（学习上列单词和短语。）
2、 Enable the students to know the development of modern agriculture in China.（让学生了解中国现代农业的发展。）
六。Teaching Difficult Points（教学难点）
1.Understand the following sentences correctly.
a. It is on this arable land that the farmers produce food for the whole population of China.
b. To make as much use of the land as possible, two or more crops are planted each year where possible.
2.How to help the students understand the passage better.
（怎样帮助学生更好地理解这篇课文）
七。Teaching Methods（教学方法）
1.Task-based method（任务型教学法）
2.Skimming（略读法）
3.Careful reading （细读法）
八。Teaching Aids:（教学辅助手段）
1.A blackboard
2、 A projector and a computer for multimedia
九。Teaching procedures （教学过程）
Step I Greeting and leading in (4 minutes)（引入，4分钟）
T:How much do you know about agriculture? Do you often help your parents to do some farming work?
（Let students think about these questions and show their ideas.）
设计目的：激发学生的学习兴趣，让学生主动参与。
Step II Pre-reading (5 minutes)（读前，5分钟）
T:Today we come to the Reading. Before starting our reading part,
let’s look at some pictures in the Pre-reading part on page45 of your textbook.
1.Ask students to classify the pictures in the following way:
Traditional farming (1 3 5)
Agriculture
Modern farming (2 4 6)
Hi-tech farming (7 8)
2.Compare traditional & modern farming, focusing on the advantage & disadvantage of modern farming. Then fill the form. (Show the pictures again)
设计意图：
（1）激活学生已有的信息，使学生具备摄入新知识的心理定势。
（2）激发学生的学习兴趣。
（3）帮助老师引入课文的主题。
Step III. While-reading(17 minutes)（读中，18分钟）
1.Skimming (4 minutes) （跳读，4分钟）
Ask the students to read the passage quickly. While reading, find out
the main ideas of each paragragh (On the screen)。
Para.1 Agriculture in general in China
Para.2 Modernization in farming techniques
Para.3 Balance between food production and environment
Para.4 Greenhouse– a solution for the shortage of arable land
Para.5 GM used in Agriculture
Para.6 GM research on tamato
（Show the possible answers on the screen)（将参考答案显示在屏幕上）
学生活动：学生快速浏览课文，了解课文大意。
设计意图：训练学生快速阅读，归纳各段落的中心意思的能力。（Skimming
for the main idea）
2.Scanning (10 minutes)（查读，10分钟）
Get the students to read the text carefully and finish these
exercises ，then ask some students to give the answer.
（1） In China only seven percent of the land is used for farming.This is _____.
A. because farmers don’t need more land to produce food for the whole
population
B. because China needs more and more land to build cities
C. because there are not enough farmers to work on the land
D. because the other land cannot be used for agriculture
（2） Fertilisation is a technique that is used to ______.
A. make poor soil better
B. make wet land drier
C. make dry land better
D. grow vegetables with their roots
in water instead of earth
（3） Modern agriculture means finding ways to _____.
A. increase irrigation and stop using fertilisers
B. stop irrigation and using fertilisers
C. increase production and be friendly to the environment
D. produce the same amount while taking better care of nature
（4） In the sentence “？ they are protected from the wind, rain and insects”， “they” means _____.
A. greenhouses B. roots
C. vegetables D. tomatoes
（5） In GM “M” stands for “modified”， which means “changed”。 What changes is ______.
A. the way in which poor soil is made better
B. the way in which Chinese farmers work on their land
C. the way in which crops develop from seed
D. the way in which farmers take care of the environment
学生活动:认真阅读课文完成任务，然后向全班汇报。
设计意图:训练学生快速查读细节、捕捉信息的能力。
Step Ⅳ Language study(5 minutes)（语言学习 5分钟）
There are some useful words and phrases the studeuts should learn to
Step V Group work （7 minutes)小组讨论(7分钟）
Ask the students to discuss the questions on Page47 in groups to make further understanding of the text. Decide which fruit, vegetables and farm animals you would change. Explain how you would change them and why.
学生活动:学生思考并讨论上述问题，然后向全班同学汇报。
设计意图:帮助学生进行课堂反思，自己学到了些什么知识；
Step Ⅵ Conclusionand Homwork（1 minutes）总结和布置作业 （1分钟）
Make a brief summary about the text and assign the homework.
T: Today, we’ve read the passage about modern Chinese agriculture. We are sure we’ll have healthier and mo delicious food in the near future with the new technology. After class, please read the text once agaim and find the sentences you appreciate most.
十一。学生学习活动评价设计
评价方式采用：自评、他评、师评。每个主题活动结束后，学生填写一张评价表，学期做阶段性评价，并把评价结果记入“我的成长足迹”。
十二。Reflection after teaching （教学反思）
本节课在多媒体的辅助下，一方面以直观的图片激发学生学习的兴趣，另一方面以课件形式展示，节约了书写的时间，一节课的时间虽紧凑但却能借助于多媒体安排更多的内容，能更加顺利地完成不同的任务设置。
课题
Starter Module1 Unit1 Good morning,Miss Zhou.
课型
Listening and speaking
教学目标
学习称呼语和问候语
教学重点
打招呼用语
教学难点
如何正确运用打招呼用语
教具 多媒体、录音机
课时
1
教学课程
1. Greeting.
2. Warming-up
T: Class,Please stand up. Hello, class.
S: Hello, Ms…
T: Sit down please.
S: Thank you.
3. Drills
(1) 练习打招呼问好。
Hello ,Good morning, Good afternoon
(2) 练习告别语Goodbye。
4. Practise
1)Work in pairs part3
2) Complete the sentences.
5. Conclude
6. Homework
Complete part7 and part 8
教学准备
教学目标
Teaching Objectives
1. Students are able to learn more about nonverbal humour as well as Charlie Chaplin through network-based.
2. Students are able to get the gen eral idea and detailed information of the passage by skimming, scanning as well as interpreta tion and appreciation.
3. Students will learn to face difficulties in life with optimism and humour as well as learn to cooperate with others in groups.
教学重难点
Teaching difficult points
1. How to guide students to search for and sort out related information according to the assigned task through the Internet.
2. How to cu ltivate students’ learning ability through teamwork based on network.
Teaching important points
1. Help students to get the general idea and detailed information of the text effectively by skimming and scanning.
2. Help students to analyze the reasons for Charlie Chaplin’s success by interpreting the key sentences and get them inspired.
教学过程
Step 1
Lead-in(3 mins)
1.Students’ Activities：
2.The Purpose of Activities
Students are to appreciate a video clip performed by Mr. Bean.
Students will be guided to acquire the form of nonverbal humour in a vivid way,
thus eage r to learn about the main character of the text with interest.
Step 2
Network-based Interactive Learning(25 mins)
1.Students’ Activities
(1).Students are divided into five groups to search for and sorted out the related information according to the assigned task online
(2)A representative of each group is to share the information with the others.
2.the Purpose of Activities
Students will develop their ability to effectively sort out information on the Internet throug h group cooperation as well as feel a sense of achievement by their oral presentation.
Step3 Text-based Reading(17 mins)
Students’ Activities 1. Students are to read the text quickly, and then answer the questions according to the text. 2. Read Paragraph 3 carefully, and then answer the question ---Why did “the little tramp”become Charlie Chaplin’ famous character ?3. Read Paragraph 4 and fill in the blanks
。4. Find out the sentences that can account for Charlie Chaplin’s success from the text.
2.The Purpose of Activities
(1)Students will get the general idea as well as the structu re of the text by skimming.
(2)Students will get the detailed information and have a deeper understanding of the text.
(3) Students will get inspired while analyzing the secret to Charlie Chaplin’s success by interpre ting and appreciating some key sentences in the text.
课后习题
Step 5 Homework
1. Students are to read the text carefully again and underline the phrases and sentences difficult to understand after class.
2. Write a summary (about 130 words).
Ⅰ词类。
词类英语名称意义例词
名词：The Noun (缩写为n)表示人或事物的名称Basket, mouth, hospital, year, train.
冠词：The Article (art)用在名词前帮助说明名词所指的人或事物a, an, the.
代词：The Pronoun (pron)用来代替名词、形容词或数词They, his, him, mine, which, all.
形容词：The Adjective (adj)用以修饰名词，表示人或事物的特征Long, empty, heavy, different, cheap, hungry.
数词：The Numeral (num)表示数量或顺序Three, thirteen, twenty, second.
动词：The Verb (v)表示动作或状态Hear, write, swim, eat, borrow, sing.
副词：The Adverb (adv)修饰动词、形容词或其他副词Quickly, early, out, soon, then, sometimes.
介词：The Preposition (prep)表示名词、代词等和句中其他词的关系From, with, at, into, behind, between, for.
连词：The Conjunction (conj)用来连接词与词、短语与短语或句与句And, or, but, so, because.
感叹词：The Interjection (interj)表示说话时的喜悦、惊讶等情感Oh, hey, ouch, well, there, dear.
(一)名词
1、专有名词：表示人名、月份、日期、地名等。如China, John, London, the USA, Harbin .
2、个体名词：表示单个的人或事物。如boat, chair, desk, apple .
3、集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的总称。如family, people, class, police .可数名词。
4、普通名词物质名词：表示无法分为个体的物质。如water, air, tea, sea, money, cotton .
5、抽象名词：表示抽象概念的词。如health, help, work, friendship .不可数名词
6、名词的数。可数名词有单复数，不可数名词没有单复数。
7、名词的格：名词有三个格：主格(作主语)、宾格(作宾语)、和所有格。其中只有名词的所有格有形式变化。
(二)冠词
1.定冠词-the .
○1、特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。The students are very good.
○2、说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物。Where is the toilet ?
○3、重复提到上文的人或事物。I have a cat , the cat is white and black .
○4、表示世界上独一无二的事物。The moon moves around the earth .
○5、形容词级和序数词前和表示方位的名词前。I am the oldest . He is the first to school . I live in the south .
○6、乐器的名称前常用定冠词-the 。I like playing the piano / violin .
○7、和某些形容词连用，使形容词名词化，代表某一类人。We should help the poor .
○8、放在某些专有名词前。We will go to visit the Great Wall next week . the people’s Republic of China .
○9、放在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或夫妇两人。The Whites are watching TV .
○10、固定词组中。In the morning / afternoon / evening .
2.不定冠词-a / an .
○1、指人或事物的某一种类。A horse is a useful animal. A table has four legs.
○2、指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。Pass me a pencil, please. We write with a pen.
○3、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。The book was written by a peasant. Last month we were working in a factory.
○4、不定冠词还可以指“事物的单位”，如“每日”、“每斤”等。 Here is a letter for you . The meat is 18 yuan a kilo.
3.零冠词。
○1、泛指人类或男女。Man will conquer nature .
○2、抽象名词在用来表示它的一般概念时，通常不加冠词。Knowledge begins with practice .
○3、有些个体名词有时可以转化成具有抽象意义，其前面也常不加冠词。We had better send him to hospital at once.
○4、在专有名词前一般不用冠词。China is a great country. Mr Smith is an artist.
○5、在三餐饭何球类运动名称之前不用冠词。He often goes out for a walk after supper. Sometimes I play basketball.
○6、在节假日、星期几、月份、季节等名词前。October 10th is Teachers’ Day.
○7、称呼语或表示头衔、职务的名词前不用冠词。Granny is sleeping now. We call him monitor.
○8、在语言名词前，名词前有指示代词、物主代词或数词时，不用冠词。This is his book. I can speak English .
○9、不用冠词的惯用语。At night / on food / go to town / at home / in class / at work等。
(三)形容词
1.形容词的构成。
○1、简单形容词由一个单词构成。Good, long, green, large, bright, interesting, surprised, learned, developing, sleeping .
○2、复合形容词由一个以上的词构成。20-minute, second-hand, 500-word, 8-year-old, three-legged, round-trip, part-time, good-looking.
2.形容词的用法。
○1、修饰名词作定语。She is a beautiful girl .
○2、作表语。He is very strong.
○3、作宾语补足语。Let the door open. You must keep your classroom clean .
○4、 “定冠词+形容词”表示一类人或物，在句子中可作主语或宾语。We should speak to the old politely.
○5、大多数形容词既可作表语又可作定语，但少数形容词只能作表语，不能作定语。如：asleep, ill, awake等。
○6、有些形容词只能作定语而不能作表语。如：many, little, wooden, golden等。
3.形容词的位置。
○1、形容词通常放在它所修饰的名词的前面。A heavy box.
○2、与表示度量的词连用，形容词要放在它所修饰词语的后面。3 metre long. 12 kilometer away .
○3、与不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等连用时，可以放在这些词之后。 Something important . nothing serious .
○4、当名词前有多个形容词修饰时，一般按下面的词序排列：冠词(包括物主代词、序数词、基数词)-描述形容词(brave, beautiful)-表示形状(大小、长短、高矮)的形容词-表示年龄或新旧的形容词-表示颜色的形容词-表示国籍、出处或来源的形容词-表示材料、物质的形容词-表示用途或类别的形容词-被修饰的词。My nice small brown leather bag . those large round black wooden tables .
4.形容词的比较级和级。(一般加er / est，不规则见表)
○1、原级的用法：“……和……相同”。
A.肯定句：A +动词+ as +形容词原级+ as + B . He is as tall as me .
B.否定句：A… + not as +形容词原级+ as + B (即A不如B那么…)。
A… + not so +形容词原级+ as + B = A…+ less +形容词原级+than + B .
○2、比较级的用法：
A. A +动词+形容词的比较级+ than + B . (A比B更…，在这种句型中，比较级前面可用much, even, still, a little, a bit, a lot, any, far等修饰，表示“…得多”，“甚至…”，“更…”，“…一点儿”。
B. “比较级+ and +比较级”、 “more and more +部分双音节或多音节的原级”译为“越来越…”。
○3、级的用法：个体用-of，范围用-in，级前面要用定冠词-the.
A.三种级表示法。
级：Shanghai is the largest city in China .
比较级：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China . / Shanghai is larger than the other cities in China .
原级：No other city is as large as Shanghai in China . / No other city is larger than Shanghai in China .
(四)副词
1.副词的种类：
○1、时间副词：often, always, usually, early, ago, already, before, ever, late, now, soon, since, tomorrow, just now …
○2、地点副词：here, there, above, below, outside, anywhere, back, down, home, out, everywhere …
○3、方式副词：hard, well, badly, fast, slowly, angrily, simply, carefully …
○4、程度副词：very, quite, much, still, almost, little, too, enough …
○5、疑问副词：how, when, where, why …
○6、关系副词：when, where, why … (引导定语从句)
○7、连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether …
○8、频率副词：often, seldom, usually, never, sometimes, every day, always, hardly …
○9、其他副词：really, certainly, surely, maybe …
2.副词的用法：
○1、作状语：He can finish the work easily .
○2、作定语(要后置)：The students here are from Harbin .
○3、作表语：I must be off now .
○4、作宾补，构成复合宾语：Show him up . I saw him out with my sister last night .
3.副词的比较级和级。(一般加er / est ,不规则见表)
○1、副词的原级：
A. as +副词的原级+ as “与…一样”。
B. not as(so) +副词的原级+ as “与…不一样”。
C. too +副词的原级+ to do sth . “太…而不能”。
D. so +副词的原级+ that从句“如此…以致于…”。
E.副词的原级+ enough to do sth . “足够…能做…”。
○2、副词的比较级：
A.A +动词+副词比较级+ than + B.
B.副词比较级前也可以用much, even, still, far, any, a little, a bit, a lot等修饰。
C.比较级+ and +比较级，表示“越来越…”，the more … the more …表示“越…就越…”
D.副词的级前通常不加定冠词the .
(五)数词
1.基数词：
1 one 13 thirteen 20 twenty 100 a hundred.
2 two 14 fourteen 21 twenty-one 300 three hundred.
3 three 15 fifteen 22 twenty-two 1,000 a thousand.
4 four 16 sixteen 30 thirty 5,000 five thousand.
5 five 17 seventeen 40 forty 1,000,000 a million.
6 six 18 eighteen 50 fifty 1,000,000,000 a billion.
7 seven 19 nineteen 60 sixty.
8 eight 70 seventy.
9 nine 80 eighty.
10 ten 90 ninety.
11 eleven.
12 twelve.
2.序数词：
1 first 1st 11 eleventh 11th 20 twentieth 20th 100 one hundredth 100th
2 second 2nd 12 twelfth 12th 21 twenty-first 21st 103 one hundred and third 103rd
3 third 3rd 13 thirteenth 13th 30 thirtieth 30th 134 one hundred and thirty-fourth 134th
4 fourth 4th 14 fourteenth 14th 37 thirty-seventh 37th 200 two hundredth 200th
5 fifth 5th 15 fifteenth 15th 40 fortieth 40th 1000 one thousandth 1,000th
6 sixth 6th 16 sixteenth 16th 50 fiftieth 50th 1,000,000 one millionth 1,000,000th
7 seventh 7th 17 seventeenth 17th 60 sixtieth 60th 1,000,000,000 one billionth 1,000,000,000th
8 eighth 8th 18 eighteenth 18th 70 seventieth 70th
9 ninth 9th 19 nineteenth 19th 80 eightieth 80th
10 tenth 10th 90 ninetieth 90th
○1作主语：The first is better than the second .
○2作宾语：He was among the first to arrive .
○3作表语：He is the first to come to school .
○4作定语：The ninth letter of the word “restaurant” is “n” ./ There are three thousand workers in the factory .
(六)代词
类别作用例词例句。
人称代词代替人或事物，主格作主语，宾客作宾语数。
格人称单数复数I am a teacher .
They are students .
We all like him .
He gave the book to me .
一二三一二三。
主格：I you he She it we you they.
宾格：me you him Her it us you them.
物主代词形容词性只作定语，名词性可以作主、宾、表语等，表示所属关系词义。
类型我的你。
的他的她。
的它。
的我们的你们的他们。
的My book is there.
Her father is a worker.
This bike is yours, ours is broken .
形容词性：my your his her its our your their.
名词词性：mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs.
反身代词起强调作用，只作同位语和宾语数人称第一人称第二人称第三人称We ourselves did the work.
He did the work by himself.
单数：myself yourself himself herself itself.
复数：ourselves yourselves themselves.
相互代词表示相互关系，作宾语宾格所有格We should help each other.
Please correct each other’s mistakes .
each other(两者相互) each other’s(相互的)
one another(三者或三者以上) one another’s(相互的)
指示代词起指示作用，作定语、主语、宾语、表语等This, that, these, those, it, such, same Take this book to his room.
My point is this .
不定代词代替或修饰任何不定数量及不定范围的人或事物some, any, no, none, many, few, little, all, both, every, one, either, neither, other, a few, a little, another, somebody, nobody, nothing, each I have something to tell you.
Neither answer is right.
疑问代词表示疑问，构成特殊问句who, what, whose, which, whom Whom did you see ?
关系代词引导定语从句which, that, who, whom, whose The book that I lost was new.
连接代词引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句) what, who, that I know what you are doing .
That’s what I hope .
(七)动词
类别意义例子例句
行为动词含有实在的意义，表示动作或状态，在句中能独立作谓语。及物动词后面一定接宾语Open, visit, hear … He visited Gaozhou yesterday.
不及物动词后面可以不接宾语Laugh, cry, live … He lives in Beijing .
连系动词(link v)本身有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语。 Be, become, grow, get, turn, look, sound, smell, taste, feel, seem … The meat smells bad .
He is a student .
助动词(v.aux.)本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示否定、疑问、时态或其他语法形式Do, does, did, am, is, are, have, has, had, shall, will, should, would … He doesn’t speak English .
We are playing football .
He had gone to Beijing .
情态动词(Modal Verbs)本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词，表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。 Can, may, must, should, need, dear, shall, will, have to … She can speak English .
May I speak to Ann, please、
We must go now .
注：动词(除情态动词，只有原形和过去式)有原形、第三人称单数、动词-ing、动词过去式、动词过去分词五种形式。
(八)介词
1.介词的种类：
○1、简单介词：in, at, of, from, since, around, to …
○2、合成介词：onto, into, without, upon, within …
○3、短语介词：because of, in front of, according to …
○4、分词介词：regarding, following, concerning …
2.介词短语在句子中的作用：
○1、作定语。I know the answer to the question .
○2、作状语。The children are playing basketball in the playground .
○3、作表语。Mike is in the classroom .
○4、作宾语补足语。He found himself in the middle of the river .
○5、作主语补足语。Tom was seen inside the cinema .
3.常用介词的基本用法：
○1、表示时间的介词(at, in, on, for, since, after, by, during, before, from, to, until, within …)
○2、表示位置，方位的介词(in, at, on, to …)
○3、表示交通方式的常用介词(by, on, in …)
○4、其他一些词组搭配介词(be angry with/at/about sb/sth . be strict with/in/ sb/sth