下面是小编整理的15篇高一英语必修一第一单元说课稿，欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴，希望对大家有所帮助。
高一英语必修一第一单元说课稿
大家好！今天我说课的内容是高一英语新课程实验教科书必修1 Unit One， The first perid。下面我就从教材分析、教法分析、学法分析、教学过程、教学评价五个方面进行说明。
一、教材分析
（一）教材的地位和作用
本节课是本单元以及本教材的第一节课，本课谈论的是：朋友是不是仅限于人类、朋友的真正含义、如何与人相处的问题等关于朋友的话题。本课涉及的有陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语的掌握和运用等语法要点。学生从初中到高中，来到一个新的学校，同学彼此陌生，不免想起老同学，老朋友。这样的话题正好能引起学生的兴趣。而且本课的内容和语法的启发性和实用性都很强，能使学生在学中用，在用中学，对综合提高学生的听说读写能力有较好的促进作用。
（二）教学目标
英语教学大纲规定，通过听说读写的训练，使学生获得英语基础知识和运用英语的能力，激发学生的学习兴趣，为进一步学习打下良好的基础。因此，我制定以下教学目标：
知识目标：1、掌握和使用陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语。
2、讨论朋友和友谊。
3、学习掌握本课的重点词汇。
技能目标：1、学会阅读的技能——scanningand siing 。
2、通过谈论朋友和友谊，既锻炼学生的语言运用能力，又培养了学生发现问题、思考问题、解决问题的能力。
3、理解阅读文段，复述故事。
情感态度：1、患难之交才是真朋友。
2、知音难得。
3、海内存知己，天涯若比邻。
文化意识：认识德国纳粹党。让学生了解那段德国法西斯残害犹太人的历史，使学生在感受外国历史文化的同时自然而然的习得语言。
（三）重点与难点
重点：1、训练scanningand siing等阅读技能。
2、认识朋友的真正含义以及与人相处的问题。
难点：1、阅读技能的训练。
2、陈述句和疑问句的直接引语和间接引语的互相转换(人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化)。
（四）教具
本课利用录音机、投影仪等辅助设备，激发学生的学习兴趣，调动他们的积极性，为展开话题提供丰富的材料，使教学收到事半功倍的效果。
二、教法分析
在新课程背景下，教师要成为学生学习的促进者、组织者和合作者。本课采用讨论法，主要采用小组合作讨论的方式。在读前阶段我就提出问题，让学生思考讨论是不是只有人与人之间才可以交朋友，然后在阅读中通过安妮的日记向学生说明我们也可以与动物及无生命的日记交朋友。在深刻理解、充分训练的基础上，我再引导学生深入讨论几个与本课有关的话题，展开教师为主导、学生为主体的师生双边活动。通过创设真实自然的语言环境，使学生在语言实践中把语言知识和技能主动转化为交流能力，变苦学为乐学，从而培养学生大胆用英语进行交际的能力。
三、学法分析
教务于学。传统教育的弊端是教师“满堂灌”，只重视怎么教而忽视怎样学，结果高分低能的现象十分严重。为了改变教师牵着学生鼻子走的被动状态，我通过创设话题，寓教于乐，引导学生自学、自做、自助、自悟，让学生学会自己动手，收集信息、处理信息，用所学语言去实践和解决问题，使学生在运用语言的过程中感悟体验所学语言的规律，培养语言意识，积累语言经验，形成语言感觉，达到语言运用的目的。从而使学生真正成为学习的主人。
四、教学过程
新课程改革的核心理念是“一切为了学生的发展”。学生的英语学习不仅仅是掌握几个单词和句型，更重要的是学会运用语言来交流思想，办实事。因此我精心设计了以下教学环节：
（一）激趣导入，务于新知
一节课的良好开始，对于整节课教学的顺利进行起着至关重要的作用。在Waring up 部分我分四步进行：
1、用问问题的形式导入(屏幕显示)。同时板书Unit 1 Friendship。
D u have an friends? Are u gd t ur friends?
Which ind f friend d u thin is the best friend?
2、做调查：在Waring up部分有5个问题，我让学生独立完成。然后在屏幕上显示下列表格。
3、调查结果：显示各得分情况所对应的调查结果，让学生自行对照。
Grade 1 (5分以下) 直截了当，做事果断，没考虑不良后果。
Grade 2 (10分以下) 能用更合理的方法处理问题，又不伤朋友之间的感情，但自己的利益有时会受损。
Grade 3 (10分以上) 不伤感情，又能保全自己利益。
通过调查问卷的形式，引导学生了解日常生活中朋友之间发生的真实问题以及解决这些问题的方法，最后的'问卷调查结果让学生兴趣和热情倍增，这样能促使学生很快进入语言学习和探究活动中去，愉快的进入学习状态。
4、学习三句谚语，使学生明确对待朋友和友谊的态度。
A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真朋友。
Real friends are few and far between. 知音难得。
Lng distance separates n bs friends. 海内存知己，天涯若比邻。
（二）创设话题，教学新知
新课程指出，教师不再是居高临下的管理者，而是学生学习的促进者、组织者、合作者。
1、我布置Pre-reading部分的几个问题启发学生对“朋友”和“友谊”进行思考，使学生明确不仅人与人之间可以做朋友，日记也可以成为人们的朋友。接着让学生就问题进行小组讨论。然后让个别学生回答问题。
接着屏幕显示我补充的问题：
Wh d u need friends?
What d u thin a gd friend shuld be lie?
Des a friend alwas have t be a persn?
让学生讨论后回答。引出课文的主题 Anne’s best friend –DIAR.
2、介绍故事背景：这是一个真实的故事。1933年－1945年，纳粹党对德国人民进行法西斯统治。只要他们一发现任何犹太人，就会把他们送到东欧波兰的集中营区。为了避免被抓，安妮和她的家人选择了躲藏，藏在了一栋房子的阁楼里，在躲藏的日子里，她只能和日记交朋友，她把心里一切的感受都告诉了日记，后来《安妮日记》出版后，很快成为全世界广为流传的一本书。
3、教学新的语言项目和句子结构。我在教学语言项目的时候，一是培养学生根据语篇、语境来猜词，一是用举例的方式来说明词的用法。
（三）阅读文段，强化新知
1、Scanning（查读）:学生们在了解了当时的历史背景后，以及理解了安妮当时的心境和为什么将日记视为自己的朋友，这样才能深刻理解安妮日记的内涵。在此基础上，我设计了几个问题，让学生带着问题听录音。这样做能使学生更加集中注意力，抓住重点。（屏幕显示）。
Wh did Anne ae her diar her best friend ?
When did this str happen?
Hw lng did the hide befre the were discvered?
Anne’s best friend：
When was the diar written?
Wh didn’t she g dwnstairs until the windw had t be shut?
Saple diar:
2、Siing(略读)：在学生对课文进行了探究之后，学生已经将课文的大部分内容融会贯通，消化理解了。这时让他们通过讨论来解决问题，可以使学生的学习潜能得以挖掘。（屏幕显示谈论的主题）
Mae a free discussin.（Ex3 in cprehensin）
* What wuld u iss st if u went int hiding lie Anne and her fail? Explain wh.
* Hw wuld u describe Anne’s feelings as she was ling ut int the night s?
（四）难点再现，深化新知
在一节课结束前几分钟将重难点知识进行总结和归纳，是提高课堂教学效率的有力措施。我在屏幕上又显示了下列的句子，让学生明确什么地方需要加强，学习策略要做怎样的调整。
Explanatin ：
* She said, “I dn’t want t set dwn a series f facts in a diar as st peple d, but ……” (Change Direct Speech int Indirect Speech)
* I wnder if it’s because I haven’t been able t be utdrs fr s lng that I’ve grwn s craz abut everthing t d with nature. (it’s because ……that )
* It was the first tie in a ear and a half that I’d seen the night face t face ……(Understanding Anne’s inside thughts.)
（五）布置作业，巩固新知
为了巩固今天所学的内容，我要求学生课后用100字左右来复述故事，完成Cprehending里的关于直接引语和间接引语的练习。
最后，我说一下我的板书设计。为了浓缩教学内容，使学生对新课内容能一目了然，印象深刻，我采用纲目式设计板书，左侧列出课文中出现的重要的单词和词组，右侧列出重点句型。
Unit 1 Friendship
1、Useful wrds and expressins 2、Iprtant structures
五、教学评价
这一节课我主要采取任务型的教学形式，从任务呈现到任务准备（也就是知识与技能的教学），学生们在完成任务的驱使下，得到了语言交际和思想交流的机会，在讨论问题的过程中把知识和技能转化为交流能力。我以与学生平等的身份参与到学生的交际和交流中去，这充分体现了师生互动、生生互动的教学思想，从而达到预期的目的。
由于本人经验不足和能力有限，因此在备课和说课的过程中存在着一些不足之处，恳请各位领导、老师提出宝贵意见。谢谢！
Ladies and gentlemen，
It's my honor to stand here and say something about friendship.
First, I think everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendship.When you are happy, you can share your happiness with your friends and when you are sad, you can complain to your friends.If you are arrogant, your friends can persuade you and they can make you confident and brave when you are discouraged.
Second, as we all know, friendship is valuable.It can touch your heart and give you hope.Many people are proud of having a good friend.We must cherish our friends when we are happy with our friends.We should try our best to protect the friendship from being hurt.
We will meet a lot of friends in our life.We should find the people who can understand us and share not only happiness but also sadness.When you lose it, both you and your friend will feel very sorrowful.So you can't give up those friends, please don't forget to keep in touch with your old friends, because staying with old friends is cherishable.
Finally, just as an old saying goes, love comes and goes but friendship stays.It's sweet and poetic, full of tears, hopes and happiness.So let's cherish friendship!
That's all.Thank you for listening.
Military Training
When September comes, it is the time for students to go to school, for the freshmen, they need to join the military training at the beginning of the semester. It will be a hard time for them, because they are princes and princess at home, now they need to be burned in the hot sun, how terrible it is. But the military training is good for the new students, they will learn to be a strong person, they have to bear the hot sun, listen to the order. Comparing at home, most students will give orders to their parents, they are spoiled by their parents. But when they come to the school, they need to live alone, so they must learn to get along with others.
When they meet troubles, sometimes they need to get over them, military training teaches students to be a strong person, no matter what difficulty they have met.
一、基础测试(每小题1分，满分20分)
A. 单词拼写
1. Something is wrong with the e__________ of the car. It can’t start.
2. Marie Curie was the discoverer of r_________.
3. According to the t________ of relativity (相对论), nothing can travel faster than light.
4. After all his mathematical calculations, Copernicus drew a c__________ that the earth was not the center of the solar system.
5. I__________ she’d gone, I remembered her name.
6. In the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese ___________ (打败) the Japanese invaders.
7. Shall he ________ (参加) the meeting to be held tomorrow?
8. Work on the new railway will be ___________ (完成) at the end of next year.
9. Our new offices are still under ____________ (建设).
10. They have found some evidences that are __________ (联系) to this murder.
B. 句型转换
11. A: From the facts John Snow concluded that polluted water carried the disease.
B: From the facts John Snow ________ _______ _______ that polluted water carried the disease.
12. A: He determined to find out why.
B: He __________ his __________ to find out why.
13. A: We will begin the work immediately.
B: We will begin the work ______ _______.
14. A: How will you deal with these letters?
B: What will you _____ _______these letters?
15. A: The movements of the other planets in the sky made sense only if you put the sun there.
B: Only if you put the sun there _______the movements of the other planets in the sky _______ sense.
C. 完成句子
16. He suggested that the machine ________ ________ (检查) carefully before we used it.
17. She ______ _______ _______ (全神贯注于) reading, so she didn’t notice what was happening.
18. We ______ _______ (下决心) that this should never be allowed to happen again.
19. ______ _______ ________ (除…之外) Wang Hai, who will go there?
20. The teacher is popular with the students because he _______ ______ ______ ______ (对他们要求严格).
二、单项填空 (每小题1分，满分15分)
21.Our team was ahead during the first half, but we _____ in the last ten minutes.
A. were won B. were lost
C. were beaten D. won
22. Usually children are allowed to ___________ when they are six years old.
A. attend school
B. attend the school
C. join school
D. join the school
23. Professor Hawking stepped into the office I knew that there was no hope.
A. Unless B. Now that
C. Although D. The moment
24. His failure in the experiment suggested that he ________ his teacher’s proper instructions.
A. should not have followed
B. should not follow
C. mustn’t have followed
D. hadn’t followed
25. I suggested that he _____ telephone the manager before he decided.
A. telephoned B. would telephone
C. telephone D. had to telephone
26. —I'm terribly sorry that I failed to win the game.
—You are not ________ for all you could do.
A. to blame B. pleased
C. right D. satisfied
27. Yang Liwei was surrounded by the audience ________ he stepped off the stage.
A. until B. through
C. now that D. immediately
28. Gathering clouds the coming storm.
A. declared B. turned out
C. connected D. announced
29. Seeing their son playing computer games all day, the parents don’t know ______ it.
A. how to do
B. what to do
C. how to deal with
D. how to do with
30. — So hard ______ in the past few months that he has made great progress in English.
— I can see that; only a few mistakes ______ in the exam.
A. has he worked; did he make
B. he has worked; did he made
C. he has worked; he made
D. has he worked; he made
31. Enough of it! Nobody here thinks what you are saying should make any ________.
A. value B. sense
C. fun D. use
32. Only by shouting at the top of his voice .
A. he was able to make himself hear
B. he was able to make himself heard
C. was he able to make himself hear
D. was he able to make himself heard
33. Only after the second tower of the World Trade Centre did people know it was not an accident, but an attack of some kind.
A. had hit B. did fall
C. was hit D. was fallen
34. Last summer holiday, I went back to my hometown, ________ the neighbors and the house ________ I used to be familiar with were gone.
A. only finding; which
B. only to find; that
C. only to find; whom
D. found; that
35. It’s quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth ____ and his eyes _____.
A. closing; open B. closed; opened
C. closing; opening D. closed; open
三、完形填空 (每小题1分，满分20分)
阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳答案。
A person may have an idea about himself that will prevent him from doing good work.
He may have the 36 that he is not capable (有能力的) of it. A child may think he is stupid because he does not understand how to make the 37 of his mental faculties(官能). Older people may be mistaken that they are incapable of 38 anything new because of their age.
A person who believes that he is incapable will not make a real 39 , because he feels that it 40 be useless. He won’t go at a job with the confidence(信心) necessary for success, and he won’t work his hardest, even though he may 41 he is doing so. He is 42 likely to fail, and the failure will 43 his belief in his incompetence(无能).
Alfred Adler, a famous doctor, had 44 like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor 45 in maths. His teacher told his 46 he had no ability in maths in order that they would not 47 too much of him. In this way, they too 48 the idea. He accepted 49 mistaken thinking of his ability, felt that it was useless to 50 , and was very poor at maths, 51 as they expected.
One day he worked out a problem which 52 of the other students had been able to solve.
Adler succeeded in solving the problem. This gave him confidence. He now 53 with interest, determination and purpose, and he soon became especially good at 54 . He not only proved that he could learn maths well, but luckily he learned early in his life from his own experience that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may 55 himself as well as others by his ability.
36. A. belief B. way
C. fact D. condition
37. A. biggest B. most
C. higher D. deepest
38. A. teaching B. learning
C. accepting D. using
39. A. decision B. success
C. effort D. trouble
40. A. would B. should
C. must D. could
41. A. forget B. think
C. guess D. understand
42. A. truly B. really
C. however D. therefore
43. A. lead to B. strengthen
C. increase D. add to
44. A. an experience B. an expert
C. a thought D. a story
45. A. state B. mind
C. start D. ending
46. A. classmates B. friends
C. neighbours D. parents
47. A. blame B. expect
C. get D. win
48. A. developed B. organized
C. discovered D. found
49. A. a B. one
C. its D. the
50. A. manage B. succeed
C. try D. act
51. A. only B. almost
C. just D. then
52. A. none B. all
C. many D. most
53. A. lived B. worked
C. played D. graduated
54. A. lesson B. medicine
C. subjects D. maths
55. A. encourage B. love
C. astonish D. disappoint
四、阅读理解 (每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C或D)中，选出最佳选项
A
Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He is generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. What’s more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.
In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1939, Einstein, who loved peace—afraid of a world in which only Hitler would had an atomic bomb(原子弹)—tried hard to persuade President Franklin D. Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.
Although he wasn’t connected with any accepted religion(宗教), Einstein felt that trust in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, “God may know everything, but he is not hateful.”
56. From the passage we know that .
A. no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this century
B. Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time
C. Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States of America
D. Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons
57. If Einstein had known that Hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on Japan, he would .
A. have continued his scientific research
B. have won another Nobel Prize for physics
C. not have advised starting uranium research in the U. S. A.
D. not have moved to the U. S. A.
58. Einstein in 1933.
A. visited England and the U. S. A.
B. lost everything
C. became a man without a country
D. both A and C
59. Einstein believed that everything in the universe .
A. was kept in order by its own law
B. had nothing to do with each other
C. happened in an irregular way
D. was made by the personal God
B
“That’s funny! These fellows in the middle of the plate have died.” Dr Alexander Fleming was talking to another doctor in a laboratory in London. He had been studying some germs(细菌)that he was growing on a plate. They were very dangerous germs because they caused different kinds of illnesses that could kill people. Dr Fleming found that a mould(霉菌)had floated in through the window landing on the plate. It had killed some of the germs it had touched.
“This certainly looks promising.” Fleming said. “We must grow some of this mould to see if it will kill other germs.”
He named the strange mould “penicillin”. It proved to be a killer of many germs. Fifty mice were given deadly germs and then half of them were injected(注射)with penicillin. The twenty-five untreated mice died, but twenty-four of those lived that had been treated with penicillin. Dr Fleming wrote a report about what he had found out. Hardly anybody took any notice of it.
In 1938 Dr Howard Florey, an Australian working in London, read Dr Fleming’s report and was very interested. He found that penicillin was effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings.
When World War II broke out, it was not possible to make enough penicillin in England. Dr Florey went to America where he helped to have enormous amounts of this wonderful drug made. It saved the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen who would have died from their wounds if the hospitals had not had penicillin.
60. Dr Alexander Fleming .
A. had been studying a mould which was very dangerous and could kill people
B. had been studying some of the germs on a plate which could cure illnesses
C. had been making experiments on some germs that he was growing on a plate
D. had been making experiments on different germs that could help sick people to get better
61. Some of the germs on the plate .
A. had been killed by a mould floating in through the window
B. had been killing one another, which was a surprise to Fleming
C. had been killed by a mould that had been grown by Dr Alexander Fleming
D. had been killed by a mould found by another doctor
62. The reason why the twenty-five mice died was that .
A. they had been given deadly germs and had been injected with penicillin
B. they were almost dead ahead of the experiment
C. they were easy to die in the experiment
D. they had been given deadly germs and had not been injected with penicillin
63. In 1938, an Australian working in London named Howard Florey read Dr Fleming’s report and .
A. left England for America, making the drug
B. went to America to save the lives of thousands of soldiers, sailors and airmen
C. found penicillin effective in treating blood poisoning in human beings
D. went to America to make this drug for mice
64. The word “enormous” means .
A. 剩余的 B. 恰当的
C. 少许的 D. 巨大的
C
Einstein, a great scientist of the age, was almost as strange as his Theory of Relativity.
Once, while riding a street car in Berlin, he told the conductor that he had not given him the right change. The conductor counted the change again and found it to be correct, so he handed it to Einstein, saying, “The trouble with you is that you don’t know your figures.”
Einstein said that there were only twelve people living who understood his Theory of Relativity although a good many books had been written to explain it.
He had nothing but contempt(藐视)for the things most people set their hearts on—for fame and riches(财富)and luxury(奢华).
He didn’t want money or praise. He made his own happiness out of such simple things as his work and playing the violin and sailing his boat. Einstein’s violin brought him more joy than anything else in life. He said that he often thought in music.
65. The conductor thought Einstein .
A. wasn’t good at maths
B. had good memory
C. was either mad or strange
D. liked to make trouble
66. Einstein meant that many people .
A. knew his Theory of Relativity well because they could explain it
B. had written to have grasped his theory correctly
C. pretended to have grasped his abstract theory
D. admired him very much
67. The underlined part “set…hearts on” means .
A. believe B. have
C. love D. hate
D
Louis Pasteur, the famous French chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”. In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. Lille was a major center for wine and beer-making, and some of the local wine-makers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh. At that time, it was believed that food and drinks go “bad” due to a purely chemical process (变化过程). But during a series of experiments Pasteur proved that tiny living organisms (微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. In the case of wine and beer the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母) that caused the fermentation (发酵) process. Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. He also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air, and that they too would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.
The heating process was so successful that it made Pasteur famous. It was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows’ milk. The result was a huge drop in the number of bottle-fed babies dying from infant diarrhea (婴儿腹泻) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. This simple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.
68. Pasteur became in 1854.
A. the chairperson of the science department at the University of Lille
B. the director of a chemical laboratory at the University of Lille
C. the general manager of a large beer-making company
D. the president of the University of Lille
69. According to the passage, Lille was a major center for in the mid-19th century.
A. growing grain crops
B. making beer and wine
C. doing chemical research
D. producing various kinds of yeasts
70. In the last sentence of paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to .
A. wine and beer
B. food and drinks
C. the various yeasts
D. other organisms
71. We can infer from the passage that Pasteur’s discovery .
A. is no longer widely used for treating milk and other food produts
B. did not bring much profit to the wine makers in Lille
C. has done a lot of good to children in the world
D. has greatly reduced the number of wars in the world
E
On the first day of class, Mr Whiteson gave us a lecture about a creature(生物) called cattytiger, a kind of cat-like animal that completely disappeared during the Ice Age. He passed round a skull (头骨) as he talked, and we all felt interested and took notes while listening. Later, we had a test about that.
When he returned my paper, I was very, very surprised. There was a very large cross through each of my answers. And so it was with everyone else’s in our class. What had happened? Everyone was wondering and couldn’t wait to get the answer.
Very simple, Mr Whiteson explained. He had made up all that story about the cattytiger. There had never been such an animal. So why none of us noticed that and how could we expect good marks for the incorrect answers?
Needless to say, we got very angry. What kind of teacher was this?
We should have guessed it out, Mr Whiteson said. After all, at the very moment he was passing around the cattytiger skull (in fact, a cat’s), hadn’t he been telling us that it completely disappeared during the Ice Age? Clearly he was telling a lie. But we just kept busy making notes and none used his head. We should learn something from this. Teachers and textbooks are not always correct.
72. We failed in the test because we didn’t .
A. take notes while listening
B. show interest in what Mr Whiteson said
C. listen to the teacher carefully
D. think carefully
73. We got angry because .
A. Mr Whiteson didn’t tell us the truth about cattytiger
B. we failed in the test
C. we didn’t know why he played the joke on us
D. there was no cattytiger
74. Mr Whiteson gave us a special lesson .
A. to show his special way of teaching
B. to play a joke on us
C. to help us learn our lessons better
D. so that we would no longer believe him
75. Mr Whiteson meant that .
A. teachers couldn’t make any mistakes
B. textbooks might be wrong sometimes
C. we should speak up if we thought our teacher or the textbook was wrong
D. we shouldn’t believe our teachers because sometimes they might tell lies
五、书面表达 (满分15分)
随着人们生活水平的提高，越来越多的人拥有了自己的汽车，你班同学就此展开了一次讨论，提出两种不同的观点和看法。请你根据所提供的信息给报社写一封信，客观介绍这两种看法。
赞同者认为：
1.方便、快捷、舒适的交通工具;
2.反映出国民生活条件提高，国家富强;
3.带动其他行业发展。
反对者认为：
1.废气污染严重;
2.过多则影响交通，导致更多事故;
3.停车问题日益突出。
注意：1.信的开头已给出;
2.词数：100左右;
3.参考词汇：方便的 convenient;交通 transportation
Dear editor，
I'm writing to tell you about the discussion we recently had about whether it is good or not for families to own cars.
____________________________________
____________________________________
____________________________________
Yours truly,
Li Hua
高一必修一单元英语作文
pring is the first season of a year.There are there months in spring：March，April and May，The weather is becoming warmer and warmer in spring。Sometimes It rains a lot.Everything has started to change in spring.Look，the trees are turning green。The birds are singing happily As spring comes, everything on earth comes to life. After an overnight s raining, the trees and flowers seem to wear their new clothes. Birds are chanting in trees. Butterflies keep dancing in flowers. All these elements form an elegant spring life.
As spring comes, everything is in a rush. Swallows are busy with building their nests; frogs are busy with breeding their offspring; little grass is busy with growing up; seeds are busy with sprouting. And the farmers are busy with their farm work. Look, how hard they are working in their field! So there s no doubt that they will reap a good harvest through their hard work.
高一数学必修一第一单元提纲
一.知识归纳：
1.集合的有关概念。
1)集合(集)：某些指定的对象集在一起就成为一个集合(集).其中每一个对象叫元素
注意：①集合与集合的元素是两个不同的概念，教科书中是通过描述给出的，这与平面几何中的点与直线的概念类似。
②集合中的元素具有确定性(a?A和a?A，二者必居其一)、互异性(若a?A，b?A，则a≠b)和无序性({a,b}与{b,a}表示同一个集合)。
③集合具有两方面的意义，即：凡是符合条件的对象都是它的元素;只要是它的元素就必须符号条件
2)集合的表示方法：常用的有列举法、描述法和图文法
3)集合的分类：有限集，无限集，空集。
4)常用数集：N，Z，Q，R，N
x
.子集、交集、并集、补集、空集、全集等概念。
1)子集：若对x∈A都有x∈B，则AB(或AB);
2)真子集：AB且存在x0∈B但x0A;记为AB(或，且)
3)交集：A∩B={x|x∈A且x∈B}
4)并集：A∪B={x|x∈A或x∈B}
5)补集：CUA={x|xA但x∈U}
注意：①?A，若A≠?，则?A;
②若，，则;
③若且，则A=B(等集)
3.弄清集合与元素、集合与集合的关系，掌握有关的术语和符号，特别要注意以下的符号：(1)与、?的区别;(2)与的区别;(3)与的区别。
4.有关子集的几个等价关系
①A∩B=AAB;②A∪B=BAB;③ABCuACuB;
④A∩CuB=空集CuAB;⑤CuA∪B=IAB。
5.交、并集运算的性质
①A∩A=A，A∩?=?，A∩B=B∩A;②A∪A=A，A∪?=A，A∪B=B∪A;
③Cu(A∪B)=CuA∩CuB，Cu(A∩B)=CuA∪CuB;
6.有限子集的个数：设集合A的元素个数是n，则A有2n个子集，2n-1个非空子集，2n-2个非空真子集。
二.例题讲解：
【例1】已知集合M={x|x=m+,m∈Z},N={x|x=,n∈Z},P={x|x=,p∈Z}，则M,N,P满足关系
A)M=NPB)MN=PC)MNPD)NPM
分析一：从判断元素的共性与区别入手。
解答一：对于集合M：{x|x=,m∈Z};对于集合N：{x|x=,n∈Z}
对于集合P：{x|x=,p∈Z}，由于3(n-1)+1和3p+1都表示被3除余1的数，而6m+1表示被6除余1的数，所以MN=P，故选B。
分析二：简单列举集合中的元素。
解答二：M={…，，…}，N={…，,,，…}，P={…，,，…}，这时不要急于判断三个集合间的关系，应分析各集合中不同的元素。
=∈N，∈N，∴MN，又=M，∴MN，
=P，∴NP又∈N，∴PN，故P=N，所以选B。
点评：由于思路二只是停留在最初的归纳假设，没有从理论上解决问题，因此提倡思路一，但思路二易人手。
变式：设集合，，则(B)
A.M=NB.MNC.NMD.
解：
当时，2k+1是奇数，k+2是整数，选B
【例2】定义集合Ax={x|x∈A且xB}，若A={1,3,5,7},B={2,3,5}，则Ax的子集个数为
A)1B)2C)3D)4
分析：确定集合Ax子集的个数，首先要确定元素的个数，然后再利用公式：集合A={a1，a2，…，an}有子集2n个来求解。
解答：∵Ax={x|x∈A且xB}，∴Ax={1,7}，有两个元素，故Ax的子集共有22个。选D。
变式1：已知非空集合M{1,2,3,4,5}，且若a∈M，则6?a∈M，那么集合M的个数为
A)5个B)6个C)7个D)8个
变式2：已知{a,b}A{a,b,c,d,e},求集合A.
解：由已知，集合中必须含有元素a,b.
集合A可能是{a,b},{a,b,c},{a,b,d},{a,b,e},{a,b,c,d},{a,b,c,e},{a,b,d,e}.
评析本题集合A的个数实为集合{c,d,e}的真子集的个数，所以共有个.
【例3】已知集合A={x|x2+px+q=0},B={x|x2?4x+r=0},且A∩B={1},A∪B={?2,1,3},求实数p,q,r的值。
解答：∵A∩B={1}∴1∈B∴12?4×1+r=0,r=3.
∴B={x|x2?4x+r=0}={1,3},∵A∪B={?2,1,3},?2B,∴?2∈A
∵A∩B={1}∴1∈A∴方程x2+px+q=0的两根为-2和1，
∴∴
变式：已知集合A={x|x2+bx+c=0},B={x|x2+mx+6=0},且A∩B={2},A∪B=B，求实数b,c,m的值.
解：∵A∩B={2}∴1∈B∴22+m?2+6=0,m=-5
∴B={x|x2-5x+6=0}={2,3}∵A∪B=B∴
又∵A∩B={2}∴A={2}∴b=-(2+2)=4,c=2×2=4
∴b=-4,c=4,m=-5
【例4】已知集合A={x|(x-1)(x+1)(x+2)>0},集合B满足：A∪B={x|x>-2}，且A∩B={x|1
分析：先化简集合A，然后由A∪B和A∩B分别确定数轴上哪些元素属于B，哪些元素不属于B。
解答：A={x|-21}。由A∩B={x|1-2}可知[-1,1]B，而(-∞,-2)∩B=ф。
综合以上各式有B={x|-1≤x≤5}
变式1：若A={x|x3+2x2-8x>0}，B={x|x2+ax+b≤0},已知A∪B={x|x>-4}，A∩B=Φ,求a,b。(答案：a=-2，b=0)
点评：在解有关不等式解集一类集合问题，应注意用数形结合的方法，作出数轴来解之。
变式2：设M={x|x2-2x-3=0},N={x|ax-1=0}，若M∩N=N，求所有满足条件的a的集合。
解答：M={-1,3},∵M∩N=N,∴NM
①当时，ax-1=0无解，∴a=0②
综①②得：所求集合为{-1，0，}
【例5】已知集合，函数y=log2(ax2-2x+2)的定义域为Q，若P∩Q≠Φ，求实数a的取值范围。
分析：先将原问题转化为不等式ax2-2x+2>0在有解，再利用参数分离求解。
解答：(1)若，在内有有解
令当时，
所以a>-4,所以a的取值范围是
变式：若关于x的方程有实根,求实数a的取值范围。
解答：
点评：解决含参数问题的题目，一般要进行分类讨论，但并不是所有的问题都要讨论，怎样可以避免讨论是我们思考此类问题的关键。
提高数学成绩诀窍有哪些
1、态度
在这个科目的学习当中态度是起到非常大的作用的,如果有态度首先就会成功一半,所以有一个认真学习的态度是非常重要的,面对任何的难点.难题,都会尽力去思考,在学习当中有这种态度,就完全可以将这们科目学好.
2、难题
在学习的当中需要养成一些好习惯,比如制定计划、练习、预习等等,这些内容都是在学习当中有非常重要的效果,预习可以让自己更加专注的听课,不会出现走神的情况,练习可以将当天所学的知识运用出来,不会有忘记的问题.
3、错题库
在学习这个科目的时候可能会有一些错题,出现错题之后可以使用小本将其记下来,可以隔几天以后做一遍,并且在复习的时候可以参照一下容易出现错误的题目,这是初中数学怎么学的重点之一.
4、笔记
对于任何的学科来说,记笔记都是非常重要的,它可以将上课所学到的重点记录下来以便于以后复习的时候方便,并且可以随时的拿出来复习一下之前的内容.
5、作业
作业对于很多的学生来说都是不陌生的,一般老师在上完课之后都会布置一些作业,这样使上课所学的内容充分的运用出来,仅仅依靠上课听是不够的,还需要在下课之后进行练习来讲上课所学的知识巩固.
在升到高中的时候,这个阶段马上面临高考,这个阶段一般的科目都讲完了,在这个阶段就开始了复习,这时候之前的笔记以及错题库都会派上用场,可以增加自己的复习效率,可以节省出时间来练习一些其他的科目.
数学学习方法
1、解题训练应立足于中、低档综合题。
⑴中、低档综合题训练价值高，因为它占中考数学试题的70%～80%。
⑵中、低档综合题要讲的深、学的透，教师讲的清楚，学生听得明白。
2、一定要规范解题步骤。
3、习题的来源。来自课本题和历年中考题的改编。
一、分封制
目的：巩固国家政权
内容：①分封对象——王族、功臣、先代的贵族，②受封者义务——服从周王的命令、镇守疆土、随从作战、交纳贡赋、朝觐述职。③受封者权利——职位世袭、设置官员、建立武装、征派赋役。
作用：①加强了周天子对地方的管辖。②扩大了统治区域，开发了边远地区;③形成对周王室众星捧月一般的政治格局;④周成为一个延续数百年的强国。但诸侯国有相当大的独立性，埋下分裂割据的隐患。
二、宗法制
定义：宗法制是依据父系血缘关系的亲疏来维系政治等级、巩固统治的一种社会制度。
特点：嫡长子继承制
宗法制与分封制的关系：分封制和宗法制是西周政治制度的两大支柱，互为表里。
影响：宗法制保证了贵族在政治上的垄断和特权地位，也有利于统治集团内部的稳定和团结。
中国早期政治制度特点：以宗法制为核心，带有浓厚的部族色彩。
三、秦的统一：
公元前2，秦灭六国，秦王嬴政建立了中国历史上第一个统一的、封建专制主义中央集权的国家——秦朝。
四、秦朝专制主义中央集权政治制度的形成
内容：①建立“皇帝”称号，确立皇帝制度。全国的政治、经济、军事大权由皇帝总揽，从中央到地方的主要官吏由皇帝任免。
②设置三公九卿中央官制：丞相——帮助皇帝处理全国政事;御史大夫——监察百官;太尉——负责全国军务。
③在地方推行郡县制：郡的长官是郡守，县的长官称县令或县长，均由皇帝直接任免。
影响：巩固了国家的统一，促进了社会的安定和经济文化的发展，奠定了中国两千多年政治制度的基本格局，对中华民族的形成起了重要的作用。
消极作用：加强对人民的压榨，容易导致暴政，造成阶级矛盾的激化。
五、秦朝巩固统一的措施：
①颁布秦律、统一法令;②统一货币、度量衡;③统一文字;④修建驰道、灵渠;⑤修筑万里长城;组织移民。
秦朝灭亡的原因是秦的暴政
六、汉武帝加强中央集权
背景：汉初郡国并行，出现王国问题
措施：汉景帝平定“七国之乱”;汉武帝实行推恩令
作用：解决了王国问题，加强中央集权，巩固和发展了大一统局面。
唐末至五代出现了藩镇割据局面
七、宋初中央集权的强化
措施：①军事上：杯酒释兵权，解除朝中大将和地方节度使的兵权;加强禁军、强干弱枝。②行政上：派文臣任地方长官;设通判负责监督。③经济上：地方赋税一小部分作为地方开支，其余全部由中央掌控。
影响：①加强了中央对地方的控制，消除了藩镇割据现象。②造成冗官、冗兵、冗费，埋下了“积贫积弱”的祸根。
八、唐实行三省六部制
唐朝中央设中书省、门下省和尚书省，分别负责决策、审议和执行。三省的长官都是宰相，分散了相权。尚书省下设吏、户、礼、兵、刑、工六部，确立并完善了三省六部的管理体制。
九、元朝实行行省制度
背景：疆域空前扩大
概况：中央设中书省;地方设十个行省和宣政院辖区
意义：加强了对全国的管辖;加强了中央集权，巩固了统一。是中国行省制的开端，对后世影响深远。
十、选官、用官制度的变化
朝代制度
汉代察举制
魏晋南北朝九品中正制
隋唐宋—清朝科举制
十一、明清君主专制的加强
明太祖调整中央和地方官制，加强中央集权：①废丞相，设六部;废行省，设三司。②内阁的创立。实质：是君主专制强化的产物。
清朝雍正帝设军机处(上传下达)——君主专制制度发展到顶峰
高一历史必修1第一单元测试题
班别： 姓名： 学号： 成绩：
一、选择题(每小题2分，共70分，答案填在下表中)
题号 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 |
答案 | ||||||||||||
题号 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
答案 | ||||||||||||
题号 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | |
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1 、对王位世袭制代替禅让制的认识，正确的是( )
A 、部落首领转变为奴隶主的标志 B 、生产力推动下的社会进步
C 、人类社会由文明时代进入野蛮时代 D 、公有制被私有制代替的历史倒退
2 、周初实行分封制是为了( )
A 、建立军事屏障，防止外族入侵 B 、削弱功臣、贵族的权力
C 、排斥异姓诸侯、团结同姓诸侯 D 、巩固奴隶制国家政权
3 、分封制和宗法制的关系是( )
A 、完全割裂的 B 、互为表里 C 、前者决定后者 D 、后者决定前者
4 、下列说法正确的是( )
A 、我国早期国家政治制度建立于秦朝
B 、西周的政治制度是直接从原始社会末年发展而来的
C 、分封制和宗法制实施的主要目的都是为了维护周王室的统治
D 、分封制只是天子对诸侯进行分封
5 、西周推行宗法制的主要目的是：( )
A 、确立分封制的推行 B 、更好地对奴隶和平民进行统治
C 、加强统治者内部的团结 D 、维护周王室王权的稳定
6 、通过宗法制的实行，西周形成一个庞大的宗族网。“大宗能率小宗，小宗能率群弟”按宗法制规定，下列在相关范围内一定能成为大宗的是：( )
1 周王室——周王正室所生之子 ② 周王室——周王嫡长子、嫡长孙
③ 诸侯国——诸侯嫡长子、嫡长孙 ④ 卿大夫封地——卿大夫嫡长子、嫡长孙
A 、①②③④ B 、①②③ C 、②③④ D 、②③
7 、关于西周分封制的表述，最准确的是：( )
A 、反映了中央对地方的统辖关系 B 、体现了统治者对奴隶的阶级剥削
C 、反映了诸侯与周王的经济关系 D 、体现了奴隶主阶级内部的等级关系
8 、西周与商朝相比，在政治上最突出的 不 同 点 是( )
A 、实行王位世袭制 B 、实行宗法制
C 、实行分封制 D 、压迫奴隶和平民
9 、分封制在周初起到了巩固统治的作用，在后期则造成分裂割据，瓦解了周朝的统治。导致这种截然不同结果的最主要因素是：( )
A 、生产力的发展 B 、生产关系的发展
C 、诸侯争权夺利 D 、井田制的破坏
10 、中国历史上第一个统一的封建王朝是：( )
A 、夏朝 B 、秦朝 C 、唐朝 D 、元朝
11 、秦始皇在全国推行郡县制，郡守和县令的产生方式是( )
A 、世代相袭 B 、考试选拔 C 、地方推荐 D 、皇帝任命
12 、秦始皇为了维护皇帝的尊严，规定：只有皇帝一人称“朕”;皇帝的命令称“制”
或“诏”;皇帝所用的玉印称“玺”。这些规定的直接目的是：( )
A 、便于发布命令 B 、增强皇帝的神圣感
C 、便于控制兵权 D 、否定周王的权威
13 、秦始皇专制主义中央集权制度的核心是：( )
A 、规定皇权至高无上 B 、中央设三公九卿
C 、地方推行郡县制度 D 、颁布秦律，严刑峻法
14 、秦朝郡县制是有利于巩固国家统一和中央集权的制度，其依据主要在于：( )
A 、郡县官吏必须对上一级负责 B 、郡县是地方行政管理机构
C 、郡县官吏与皇帝臣与君的关系 D 、郡县完全由中央和皇帝控制，官吏不能世袭
15 、按秦朝制度，主管军事的是：( )
A 、典客 B 、太尉 C 、御史大夫 D 、丞相
16 、秦朝封建专制主义中央集权制度确立的标志是：( )
A 、金字塔般统治机构的建立 B 、郡县制的全面推行
C 、较为完备的中央官制的建立 D 、确立至高无上的皇权
17 、古人对秦朝统治短暂原因的分析，最符合实际的是：( )
A 、四维(礼、仪、廉、耻)不张 B 、(亡于)六国之后(代)也
C 、失之在政，不在于制(制度) D 、仁义不施，而攻守之势异也
18 、下列关于三省六部制的叙述，正确的是：( )
① 这一制度开始于隋朝 ② 加强了皇权，削弱了相权
③ 它标志着中央制度走向衰落 ④ 这一制度对隋唐以后各朝影响深远
A 、①②③④ B 、①②④ C、②③④ D、①②
19、元朝行省制度 ①继承和推广了秦汉的郡县制 ②加强了中央对边疆地区的管辖 ③巩固和发展了多民族国家的统一 ④奠定了今天中国行政区划的基础
A、①②③④ B、①②③ C、①④ D、②③④
20、西周的分封制和西汉初年的分封制( )
A 、都是中央集权的政治制度 B 、都是封建君主专制的产物
C 、都是为了巩固统治的需要 D 、都随社会经济的发展而瓦解
21 、唐玄宗后期，藩镇权限增大，这表明( )
A 、唐玄宗重视边境防御 B 、节度使的野心不断增大
C 、藩镇割据局面已经形成 D 、朝政衰败，中央集权削弱
22 、唐太宗时期，假设国家要在关中一带修建一项大型水利工程，这项工程的实施涉及众多机构，按制度规定其运作程序是：( )
A 、尚书省 — 中书省 — 门下省—工部 B 、中书省—门下省—尚书省—工部
C 、门下省—中书省—尚书省—工部 D 、尚书省—门下省—中书省—工部
23 、秦汉时丞相一职由一人担当，但隋唐时期三省的长官都是丞相，到了北宋相当于丞相的官职就多了。这一现象反映了( )
A 、专制主义中央集权的不断加强 B 、封建中央政府民主政治的不断发展
C 、丞相权力的不断分散 D 、中央对于地方政府控制的日益严密
24 、元朝的中书省，实质上是继承和发展了唐朝的哪个机构( )
A 、中书省 B 、尚书省 C 、门下省 D 、吏部
25 、下列秦汉的官职中，掌握监察职能的有：( )
① 太尉 ②尚书台 ③御史大夫 ④刺史
A、①②③④ B、③④ C、①② D、③④
26、北宋加强中央集权的紧突出特点是：( )
A、提高皇权 B、削弱相权 C、剥夺朝中将帅权力 D、全方位削减地方权力
27、皇权与相权的矛盾一直是君主专制中央集权制度中的矛盾，这一矛盾的基本解决是在：
A、唐朝 B、北宋 C、明朝 D、清朝
28、明太祖与宋太祖采取的加强中央集权的措施最相似的是： ( )
A、设特务机构，由皇帝直接控制 B、改变和分散地方机构及权力
C、废除原来的全国行政区划 D、改变选拔官吏的方法，实行八股取士
29、关于清朝军机处， 不 正 确 的表述是：( )
A、军机大臣由皇帝的亲信、重臣组成 B、军机处能接触军国机要
C、军机处工作效率高 D、军机处是位于六部之上的中央最高行政决策机构
30、从明朝废丞相到清初增设军机处的变化表明：( )
A、皇权专制日益得到强化 B、皇权与相权的矛盾日益加剧
C、相权重新得以恢复 D、皇权与相权的矛盾得以调和
31、万历年间，首辅张居正当权时，“部权尽归内阁”，六部几乎变成内阁的下属机构了。对此评述正确的是：( )
A、说明明朝中期宰相制度“借尸还魂” B、张居正擅权专恣，加重明朝政治腐败
C、明朝中期，六部成为内阁的下属机构 D、内阁设立后地位日益提高、权力日益增大
32、明朝废除行中书省机构最根本的目的是：( )
A、挽救封建制度衰落的危机 B、加强地方政权的职能
C、削弱行省的权力 D、加强中央对地方的控制
33、关于明朝“废行省、设三司”措施的评价，正确的是：( )
A、通过分散地方的权力来加强中央的权力
B、是我国古代行政区划制度划时代的变革
C、有利于加强明朝边疆地区的军事防御力量
D、政府各部门互相牵制，客观上减轻了对人民的压迫
二、非选择题(共30分)
1、 (楚庄王)八年，伐陆浑戎(在洛阳西南)，遂至洛，观兵于周郊。周定王使王孙满劳楚王。楚王问鼎小大轻重，对曰：“在德不在鼎。”庄王曰：“子无阻九鼎!楚国折钩之喙(折掉戟的钩尖)，足以为九鼎。”王孙满曰：“……周德虽衰，天命未改。鼎之轻重，未可问也。”楚王乃归。
——《史记·楚世家》
请回答：这个是什么事件?(2分)这个事件说明了什么问题?(3分)
2、“ 一个官员生前娶了一位妻子，为他生了一个女儿，然后他再娶了一个妾氏，为他生了大儿子，此后妻子又为他生了一个小儿子，结果这官员不幸殉职，于是他的两个儿子都想取得他的爵位和家业，请问应该判给谁?”
请回答：
1 按西周时期宗法制原则，这个官员的爵位应该由他的哪个儿子继承?(5分)
2 如果是现在，刚才的遗产案又怎样判?(5分)
3 、中国古代中央集权制度形成的过程是怎样的?( 15 分)
① 过程(写出哪个朝代)：
建立时期：
巩固时期：
完善时期：
发展时期：
顶峰时期：
② 并写出在“建立时期”的这个朝代的中央集权制度有哪些?
高一历史学习技巧
(1)明(明中心)：无论题目有多少问，都总是环绕一个中心设题的。明确中心后，每问都必须环绕此中心作答，不能脱离。明确中心方法有四：
浏览全部的问题，看从哪一板块、哪一具体问题设题;紧盯材料的出处：标题、注释(尤其是时间、人物、著作等);抓住中心句：通常在段或句的首、尾、中;根据材料大意自己提炼。
(2)审(审问题：三审一挖不分割)：
审清题目能力要求(论述比评析尤其是比，技巧性最高)审全求答项及分值，依此定分点及观点(答点分值)。尤其要注意结合(如背景)列举(或评价)(如措施)此类问法，别忘记要答结合后的求答项;审准答案来源及答题的范围(如时间)、方向(政治经济文化)，以防止答非所问。答案来源有以下三种情况：A、根据材料回答，则答案从材料中即可提炼完整;B、根据材料，结合所学知识回答，则答案既要从材料又要结合课本所学提炼。挖：尽量挖掘题干的有效信息，答题时务必将之变为答案。不分割：要将各问当作一个有机整体思考，因各问环绕一个中心设题的。
(3)划(划材料)：根据问题中的求答项，在材料中用不同的序号及线条将各求答项观点分别标示出来。要求：必须要逐段、逐句分析提炼观点，尤其是短材料更应该如此，一句话往往包含一个或一个以上的观点。(一般以句号、分号、省略号为依据;尤其是要注意省略号两侧的语句;部分答案可能就是句子的缩写)
(4)联(联答题)：运用好联找联公式
因各问环绕一个中心设题的，所以注意前后问是否有递进关系，前面的问往往为后面的问提供答题的思维方向(或许，回头就是答案)简洁作答：点多、面广、话短(答案组织：A、择录材料中的某些短句、字词，但不宜过多抄袭长句;B、联系利用课本的经典结论或观点;C、自己归纳、提炼，尽量用上专有名词、习惯用语。)先概括(多用专有名词、习惯用语)，后分析;史论结合;注意格式及版面：点化，标号，求答项等;整洁不要串题(随意对换题号);不要留空。
3.语法
直接引语变为间接引语(注意：变化时句子一定为陈述句语序。)
人称的变化
①直接引语中主语第一人称或者被第一人称所修饰，人称要与“讲话人”的人称一致。
②直接引语的第二人称，或者被第二人称所修饰，人称要与“听话人”的人称一致。
③直接引语中的第三人称不变化。
“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更改”。
二、时态的变化
直接引语——间接引语
一般现在时——一般过去时
一般过去时——过去完成时
现在进行时——过去进行时
现在完成时——过去完成时
过去完成时——过去完成时
一般将来时——过去将来时
时态不变化的情况：
①直接引语是客观真理。
②直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。
③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。
④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例：ought to， had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时，(例：could, should, would, might)不再变。
1.基础梳理
point upset ignore calm down cheat list share a series of crazy purpose dare thunder entire(~ly)trust according to power suffer recover suitcase situation disagree be concerned about walk the dog set down face to face be/get tired of get along with fall in love make a list communicate with
2.词语归纳
1)add vt/vi加;添加;增添
add up合计 加起来，但在口语中有时用于否定句，表示“莫名其妙，不说明问题”。
add up to 总计共达，所有一切都说明，总而言之。
add sth(to sth)把……加到……里去。
add to 增加，扩建。
add 表示“继续说，补充说”。
区别add和increase
add意思是“加，增加”，强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。
increase“增加”，表示在数量，产量，尺寸，程度等方面的增加。
2)cheat v 欺骗;作弊 n 骗子;作弊者;骗人的事
cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物
cheat on/at/in 作弊，欺诈
3)list v 将事物列于表上;编事物的目录 n 名单;目录;一览表
make a list of 造表，列……表
take…off the list 从表上去掉……
stand first on the list 居首位，列前茅
as listed above 如上所列
3)share
share in 分享，分担，共用
share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物
share out 分配，分发;得到股息，升股息
share(n.)in/of 一分，部分
4)trust vi/vt 信任，信赖;依赖
trust in 相信，信任，信仰
trust to 依靠(运气等)，依赖
trust that… 希望，想
5)suffer vt/vi 遭受，受到，蒙受;受痛苦，受折磨，受惩罚，受损伤
suffer from 受……伤害;患……病痛
注意：suffer 和 suffer from 都不能用于被动语态
6)calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静;使镇定。平静的，镇静的，沉着的。
calm down平静下来，镇定下来
quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时，侧重不激动，平静温和，不发表意见。
still指完全没有声音或者没有动静，突然静止不动。
silent主要指人不爱说话，沉默不语。
7)concern
be concerned about 担心，关心
as/so far as…be concerned 关于，至于，就某人而言
have no concern for 毫不关心
concern oneself in/with/about sth 忙于，从事;关心，关切
have a concern in 和……有厉害关系
be concerned in/with 参与，与……有关
8)separate v/adj 分开，和……分手;单独的，分开的，不同的
separate…from 使……和……分离
高一必修二英语关于第一单元作文
Fun is what we experience during an act, happiness is what we experience after an act. The latter is a deeper, more abiding emotion. Watching a movie or television is fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.
The way people cling to the belief that a fun-filled, painfree life equals happiness actually diminishes their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness, but in fact, the opposite is tree. More often than not, things that lead to happiness involves some pain. It seems no fun undertaking some hard work, but when you finish it successfully, you will feel happy.
The moment we understand that fun does not necessarily bring happiness, we began to lead our lives differently. We should not merely seek fun in life, but try to pursue happiness even if we may undergo pains and difficulties.
高一必修二英语第一单元作文
There is something in the world. It has no shape, no color and no weight. It can’t be seen or touched. But everyone wants it very much. People try to get it in many ways. Some people think money means it, so they try to make more money; some people believe that knowledge can bring it to them, so they study very hard; some other people find only good health can make themselves get it, so they take part in all kinds of sports and games. Now, you may ask what on earth the mysterious thing is. That’s happiness.
From my point of view, being in a good mood anytime and anywhere is the first thing for those who want to be happy. There is an old saying going like this, “happy is he who is content.” I cant agree with it any more. I still remember a story my mother told me when I was a child. A millionaire tried every means to seek after pleasure but to feel unhappy, but its counterpart that poor men who dose not have a thing always feel happy. Why are they so different? The answer is that the rich is being thinking how he can gain more while the poor is satisfied with what he owns at hand-health, freedom, love and so on.
Furthermore, love makes great difference to happiness. If you have love in your heart, you will have happiness in your life. Love consists of two parts, one is to love others, and the other is to be loved by others. Lei Feng set a good example for all of us. He served the people wholeheartedly until the last minute of his life. He regarded serving the people as the happiest thing. There are numbers of similar inspirational stories to be found. In addition, being loved by others can also lead you to happiness. Courage from your parents when frustrated, care from your lover when ill, help from your friends when in trouble… all of these will make you the happiest person in the world.
The last but not least is to act happily. Putting on a happy face and thinking interesting things are helpful to trigger happy feelings.
But I’m sad to see some people getting their happiness in bad ways. They speak loudly in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy themselves and they laugh at others’ shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time, but they will never get true happiness because they have destroyed others’ happiness.
From I have discussed above ,we may safely draw the conclusion that happiness means kindness, love and unselfishness. Above all, only bringing happiness to otherms can make yourself happy.
Every year the Spring Festival I want to go home and family reunions. My parents and I live together, at ordinary times home from far away, can only back to a few times a year. I really miss my grandma, grandpa, grandma, aunt and so on a lot of relatives. I want to talk with them, and often, they report their learning situation.
I want to have witnessed great changes of home. A few days ago to listen to my grandfather called and said, the village on the tarmac, families float on the water, a lot of farm built buildings, liking the closed-circuit television (CCTV), install the telephone, use of mobile phones, washing machines, motorcycles and other modern products, a lot of the past can't buy vegetables, now can be purchased at any time. I think a walk on the asphalt road in the village, to the families to have a look, a glass of tap water taste, feel the new rural construction brings to the farmers' benefits and convenience.
I also feel the hometown the lively atmosphere of the Spring Festival. Spring Festival can be noisy in the countryside. Families at the gate will be labeled as festival couplet, set off firecrackers everywhere, the wonderful sound jan made people stop to watch the show. I want to appreciate the desire for happiness from door to door couplet, set off firecrackers with my father and mother, take a look at jan.
While every year the Spring Festival is roughly same, but as the are of the age, I also can feel more and more, from the children are eager to go home! I believe that the 20__ Spring Festival will bring me much happiness.
Enough sleep is very important. It affects we are happy or not. We can easily find if we sleep enough in the night, we usually have a good mood next day. But, if we do not have enough sleep, sometimes we will feel depressed without a reason. What’s more, sleep also affects our study or work.
Try to imagine that a sleepy person how can he listen to the teacher in class or work in their position. It must be a hard job or in low efficiency. Thus, if a person sleep enough, he can do better in their life. In addition, do you find that a person with good sleep usual do not have acne, because enough sleep balance their internal secretion and detox. Knowing the importance of enough sleep, do you
高一必修二第一单元英语作文
Most people haven’t formed the habit of and mitted themselves to waste sorting now in China. They would throw their domestic garbage - kitchen refuse, abandoned plastics and papers,broken china and glass, etc. - all into the same public containers, without thinking whether they are recyclable or not.
This, obviously, will reduce the value of stuff that can be recycled or reused, such as plastics and papers. Besides,the growing amount of garbage makes the building of more landfills necessary, which will worsen the shortage of land. Worse still,disposing of the recyclable waste like plastics by burning will give off toxic smoke which seriously pollutes the air. ID this sense, throwing the trash unsorted should not be advocated, no matter from the perspective of economy or protecting the environment.
On the contrary, if we sort out recyclable waste before throwing them away, the amount of trash will be reduced sharply. Accordingly, the cost of running landfills and treating waste will be brought down greatly. Whafs more important, less waste will have to be burned or buried, meaning resources waste and pollution will be reduced. Therefore, economically and environmentally, it is of great significance to call for waste sorting.
As soon as I was enrolled in college I reit a big burden off my mind. So did my classmates. We just wanted to relax. But at our first English Lesson on how to improve our study the teacher told us,“ There is no end to learning. You can only become a top student with additional work.” And she says hard work is rewarding.
The teacher's words awakened me. In fact everyone in the world is always learning. Man's talents are like wild plants. They need cutting and pruning with the tool of learning, We lears not only inside the classroom but also outside the classroom. Learning is a process in which man adapts to his surroundings. It is driven by man's desire to win respect and to contribute to society. It is the curiosity for knowledge stimulated by knowledge itself.“ To learn is to be young. Not to learn is to die.” This saying applies to every society and to all ages.